Adverbs
Adverbs in Chinese typically come before a verb or adjective, and indicate time, degree, scope, repitition, negation, or tone.
Typical examples of adverbs include 经常, 已经, 很, 都, 才, 就, 大概, 又, 不, 没有.
Chinese adverbs have the following grammatical features:
- Most cannot reduplicate.
- Most cannot be used alone as an answer to a question.
- Cannot normally modify or restrict nouns.
- When functioning as an adverbial, most do not take the structural particle 地.
- Adverbs of scope, when restricting the subject, usually come before the subject. Adverbs of tone expressing an air of estimation (like 大概) can come before the subject (when emphasizing the subject), and can also come after the subject (when emphasizing the predicate). Other types of adverbs normally come after the subject.
- A small group of adverbs have a linking function, such as 才 and 更.