phonetic map : 氐 di

goulnik
November 14, 2008, 06:20 PM posted in General Discussion

@ 氐

di
* ancient tribe
氐羌 Dī Qiāng nomadic, western tribe
basic; thoroughgoing
氐惆 dǐchóu annoyed; vexed; upset
low
降低 jiàngdī to reduce; drop
低下 dīxià low (status etc.)
bottom; end; ground / basic
彻底 chèdǐ thorough(ly)
到底 dàodǐ finally; after all.
本底 běndǐ background
to support; resist; mortgage; arrive at
抵抗 dǐkàng to resist; stand up to
抵押 dǐyā to mortgage
抵补 dǐbǔ to compensate for
抵达 dǐdá to reach; arrive at
tree root
根柢 gēndǐ foundation; basis
grindstone; whetstone
砥石 dǐshí whetslate; whetstone
砥砺 dǐlì to temper; encourage
residence of a high official
官邸 guāndǐ official residence
ram; billy goat
羝羊 dīyáng ram; he-goat
scold; upbraid; libel
诋毁 dǐhuǐ to slander; defame
讥诋 jīdǐ to satirize and slander
  coccyx
骶骨 dǐgǔ n. sacrum
chi
  chī sparrow hawk
油鸱 yóuchī oilbird
 
zhi
zhī .
胼胝 piánzhī callosity / to toil
  zhī respect
祗肃 zhīsù v.p. respectful; reverent


** 抵 variants : 牴/觝

Profile picture
bendidelaowai
November 15, 2008, 06:36 AM

Goulniky, 佩服您!谢谢!

Great, great, great work! It really is more interesting for me than learning characters by radicals:) I have to deal with big amounts of written text in Chinese and knowing the pronunciation is crucial for me most of the time, because even with the great Wenlin looking up characters takes time. 

And also I want to say thanks to Changye for his contributions, which are extremely interesting:) as well to henning for his patience with writing lists!

 

Thanks, you all helped me learn more:)

Profile picture
changye
November 15, 2008, 08:40 AM

It's not an accepted theory, but some scholars say that "氐" (di3, base) and "氏" (shi4, clan) are originated in the same character in oracle bone scripts (甲骨文). In a sense, you could say that "clan" is a "base" organization for families in ancient society. Do you think it's plausible?

"释名", an ancient Chinese dictionary edited around the 3rd century, says "纸,砥也,谓平滑如砥石也", which means that 纸 (zhi3, paper) is something like 砥 (di3, grind stone) since its surface is smooth just like a grind stone, from which you can see a close relationship between "氐" and "氏". 

Profile picture
goulnik
November 15, 2008, 09:28 AM

may well be... but according to Wenlin 氏 is etymologically the same word as 底 dǐ, with "The 丶 stroke at the bottom is signific (cf. 本) and 氏 (shì) phonetic" --Karlgren..

on the other hand, it also indicates that 民 mín "is analogous to 氏 shì clan, family, both of doubtful analyis" --Karlgren.

anyway, 氏 shì will be the next character map, thanks

Profile picture
changye
November 15, 2008, 12:05 PM

Hi goulniky,

The study by Karlgren is considered to be somewhat out-of-date now since his works doesn't much reflect the research results of oracle bone scripts (甲骨文), however, please don't take me wrong. As far as etymologies concerned, I don't think that "out-of-date" automatically means "wrong". After all, noboday knows true etymologies, unless you are the creator of a character!