Medical terms

goulnik
October 28, 2007, 08:28 PM posted in General Discussion

Here's a list of some common medical terms, by popular demand :-)  see next post for links to more comprehensive resources


Note : 疒 (nì) 'sick' radical (病字头 bìngzìtóu)
<small>according to Wenlin: Picture of a person lying on a bed, written sideways

found 185 characters containing this component!</small>



健康 jiànkāng health
卫生 wèishēng hygiene; health
医学 yīxué medicine
保健 bǎojiàn healthcare

会诊 huìzhěn to consult a doctor
诊察 zhěnchá to examine (a patient)
听诊 tīngzhěn to ausculate

患者 huànzhě patient
疾病 jíbìng disease; illness [zhǒng 种]
症状 zhèngzhuàng symptom
诊断 zhěnduàn diagnosis
误诊 wùzhěn misdiagnose(is)
综合症 zōnghézhèng syndrome; disease
临床 línchuáng clinical
预后 yùhòu prognosis
化验 huàyàn laboratory test
治疗 zhìliáo treatment

药物 yàowù medicines
医药品 yīyàopǐn medicines
药方 yàofāng prescription
处方 chǔfāng prescription [zhāng 张]; to prescribe
药典 yàodiǎn pharmacopoeia [bù 部]
药店 yàodiàn p.w. drugstore; pharmacy [jiā 家]
剂量 jìliàng dosage; posology
反应 fǎnyìng response (to treatment)
最佳 zuìjiā optimum (e.g. treatment)
禁忌症 jìnjìzhèng contra-indication
副作用 fùzuòyòng side-effect
非处方药 fēi chǔfāng yào OTC

口服 kǒufú take orally
片剂 piànjì tablet [piàn 片]
胶囊 jiāonáng capsule
针剂 zhēnjì injection

化疗 huàliáo chemotherapy
放疗 fàngliáo radiotherapy
抗生素 kàngshēngsù antibiotic
抗菌素 kàngjūnsù antibiotic
维生素 wéishēngsù vitamin [kē 颗]

肿瘤 zhǒngliú tumor
癌症 áizhèng cancer        
转移 zhuǎnyí metastasis
慢性 mànxìng chronic
急性 jíxìng acute

淋巴 línbāliú  lymphoma
肺癌 fèi'ái lung cancer
脑瘤 nǎoliú brain tumor
肉瘤 ròuliú sarcoma
卡波西 Kaposi (sarcoma)
乳腺癌 rǔxiàn'ái breast cancer
白血病 báixuèbìng leukemia

皮肤 pífū skin
直肠 zhícháng rectum
结肠 jiécháng colon
前列腺 qiánlièxiàn prostate
骨髓 gǔsuǐ bone marrow
卵巢 luǎncháo ovary

感染 gǎnrǎn infection
传染 chuánrǎn contagious
炎症 yánzhèng n. inflammation
免疫 miǎnyì immunity
免疫系统 miǎnyì xìtǒng immune system
流行性 liúxíngxìng epidemic
时疫 shíyì n. epidemic

流感 liúgǎn flu (influenza)
艾兹病 àizībìng AIDS
爱死病 àisǐbìng AIDS
肝炎 gānyán hepatitis
甲肝 jiǎgān hepatitis A
乙肝 yǐgān hepatitis B
丙肝 bǐnggān hepatitis C
丙型肝炎病毒 bǐngxíng gānyán bìngdú (HCV)

菌苗 jūnmiáo vaccine
疫苗 yìmiáo vaccine
接种疫苗 jiēzhòng yìmiáo to be vaccinated
过敏 guòmǐn allergy

基因 jīyīn gene
细胞 xìbāo cell
染色体 rǎnsètǐ chromosome
病毒 bìngdú virus
细菌 xìjūn germ; bacteria
病菌 bìngjūn pathogenic bacteria; germs
微生物 wēishēngwù microorganism; microbe [zhǒng 种]
微生虫 wēishēngchóng microbes; bacteria; germs [zhǒng 种]
灭菌 mièjūn sterilization; disinfection

血压 dīxuèyā blood pressure (低 dī low / 高 gāo high)
血球 xuèqiú blood cell (红 hóng hemocyte / 白 bái leucocyte)
血红蛋白 xuèhóng dànbái hemoglobin
血小板 xuèxiǎobǎn thrombocyte / platelet
出血 chūxuè  hemorrhage
血糖 xuètáng glycemia
糖尿病 tángniàobìng n. diabetes

麻醉 mázuì v. ①anesthesia(ize)
麻醉剂 mázuìjì anesthesic
麻醉药 mázuìyào n. anesthetic; narcotic
局部麻醉 júbù mázuì local anesthesia
全身麻醉 quánshēn mázuì general anesthesia

医生 yīshēng doctor (MD)
大夫 dàifu physician; doctor
护士 hùshi (hospital) nurse
牙生 yáshēng dentist (牙科医生 yákē yīshēng)
药剂师 yàojìshī n. pharmacist
麻醉师 mázuìshī anesthesiologist

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goulnik
October 28, 2007, 08:30 PM

some online resources: Medical dictionary On-Line for Chinese (traditional Chinese / Big5), a collection of 31,000 of medical terms that can be searched but not browsed. Conversion of Chinese and English Hospital Terms (traditional Chinese / Big5), list of medical specialties

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goulnik
December 14, 2007, 01:22 PM

I just uploaded a vocabulary list with quite a number of psychology-related terms (1000+) from phobias and depression to obsession and psychoanalysis.. In addition to conditions, it also includes moods, feelings etc.

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kimiik
October 29, 2007, 12:16 AM

Goulniky, That's a nice list of vocab here. You just forgot an essential word for french people : the suppository 栓剂 (shuānjì) and that's 耳栓 (ears plug) 的 栓 But I hope 栓剂 is not supposed to plug anything. ;)

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azerdocmom
October 29, 2007, 01:09 AM

That's AWESOME, gouniky! Thanks a google-plx : ) That's a lot of work! I want to learn more medical terms because I found myself stumbling a lot this year when attempting to speak Mandarin with the occasional Chinese-speaking patient. It bugs me...get it, "bugs" me (germs=bugs) Ha!

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goulnik
October 29, 2007, 05:08 AM

some more: 骨折 gǔzhé fracture 扭伤 niǔshāng sprain 伤口 shāngkǒu wound 痤疮 cuóchuāng acne 皮疹 pízhěn skin rash 红疹 hóngzhěn German measles; rubella 丘疹 qiūzhěnpapule 起疹 qǐzhěn to have measles/rash 瘙疹 sàozhěn pruritus; itching rashes 湿疹 shīzhěn eczema 瘾疹 yǐnzhěn urticaria 梗塞 gěngsè infarction, clog 抽血 chōuxiě to draw blood 输血 shūxuè to transfuse blood, transfusion 避孕 bìyùn contraception 怀孕 huáiyùn to be pregnant 孕期 yùnqī pregnancy; gestation 宫外孕 gōngwàiyùn extra-uterine pregnancy [cì 次] 分娩 fēnmiǎn childbirth; parturition 身孕 shēnyùn n. pregnancy 剖腹产 pōufùchǎn Caesarean birth 月经期 yuèjīngqī menstrual period 停经期 tíngjīngqī menopause

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azerdocmom
October 31, 2007, 09:10 PM

Thanks, goulniky!

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kevinchinesepod
October 28, 2007, 08:34 PM

Cool. Might come in handy if the nurse is chinese here in Florida.

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goulnik
November 01, 2007, 08:51 PM

栓剂 is indeed listed in Wenlin / ABC and it reminded me that Wenlin has these tags, e.g. <med.> (medical), <comp.> (computers) <Budd.> (Buddhism) etc. Unfortunately, I haven't found a way to use those tags to search for all related terms, let alone get a list of them all, don't know if anyone knows if it can be done?

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christian
November 01, 2007, 10:10 PM

Goulniky, what has your experience with Wenlin been? do you recommend it?

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goulnik
November 02, 2007, 04:53 AM

I strongly recommend Wenlin. The dictionary is not complete, they never are, but i's pretty extensive - Chinese>English that is, English>Chinese is not as good. It's way better than NJStar, though I occasionally use NJStar for it's annotation facility, where it extracts all word definitions from a document. One of Wenlin's strongest point is search, you can search all characters containing a set of components (not just radicals, any character element, including position, i.e. L|R or T/B). You can also search by number of strokes, frequency, and of course pinyin. You can also search all words starting with, or containing a specific character. Very useful, though not quite as sophisticated as PlecoDict, which from the same dictionary database allows you to use wildcards, e.g. ??孕 or ?孕? You can also search files/folders for specific text. Finally it has a number of conversion facilities, accented pinyin/numbered, simplified/traditional, hanzi>pinyin etc. It has some flashcard facility but I don't use them.

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goulnik
November 02, 2007, 05:01 AM

example of asymetrical C>E, E>C in Wenlin from a recent discussion : 斋-vegetarian for religious reasons 素-vegetarian in the Western sense searching Wenlin for 'vegetarian' returns : "vegetarian ∾adj. 素 sù; 纯素[純-] chúnsù" but searching for 斋 returns : "斋(F齋) [zhāi] vegetarian religious diet; give alms; room or building" and " b.f. ①vegetarian food chīzhāi ②studio shūzhāi ③students' dormitory ④〈trad.〉 school ⑤temple hostel ⑥〈Budd.〉 fast ⑦give alms (to a monk) ⑧purify (oneself) zhāijiè and 素 returns "素 [sù] plain, white; vegetarian; 因素 yīnsù factor, element 素 sù* b.f. ①plain; simple; quiet | Nǐ chuān de tài ∼ le. Your clothes are too plain. pǔsù ②white sùfú ③vegetarian chīsù ④native sùcái ⑤basic element yuánsù ⑥usually; habitually; always sùlái"

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kimiik
November 02, 2007, 02:24 PM

Btw, I've got a question about the hair. Is the chinese hair vocab more specific than english (or french to a lesser extent) ? 头发 are the hair on the head (cheveux). I don't think 头发 could name the facial hair. Then what are exactly 毛发 and 汗毛. 毛发 : Hair in general (poils) or facial hair (poils faciaux) ? 汗毛 : Hair of the body (not the head) or only the main hair for the elimination of sweat ?

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kimiik
October 31, 2007, 09:51 PM

I saw on a chinese blog "好孕珠" (hǎo yùnzhū). Does it mean something like "Happy pregnancy" ?