大型强子对撞器
bazza
September 06, 2008, 01:02 PM posted in General Discussion
大型强子对撞器
[dà xíng qiáng zĭ duì zhuàng qì]
The world's largest particle accelerator 粒子加速器 [lì zĭ jiā sù qì]
barryb
September 11, 2008, 11:35 PMAre there homeless people living in the LHC? 太舒服了! Tai4 shu1fu2 le5! Very cosy! Nice and dry (bit cold, though).
瑞士干净得不得了! Rui4shi4 gan1jing4 de bu4 de2 liao3! Switzerland's so clean! but there are beer bottles on the tunnel floor. Like the London Underground.
Very amusing.
Looks like the bottle incident was sabotage. Some people are worried about these attempts to explore the fabric of the universe and there was even an attempt to stop the LHC by taking action in the US courts. Could be disgruntled employees, though.
For the other side of the story: LHC Concerns
barryb
September 06, 2008, 01:43 PM"Accelerate a particle!" game, from CERN. Too hard for me. I made time run backwards, I think. Amusing for a couple of minutes:
Clicking here may destroy the Universe
"CERN's largest accelerator ring is 100 meters (320 feet) under the ground and is 27 kilometers (16.7 miles) around. "
changye
September 06, 2008, 01:52 PMI didn't expect that Hadron would be translated as "强子" in Chinese at all. Just out of curiousty, I've found a list of particle physics terms. As sebire said, some of them are very nicely translated. Red-colored ones are relatively frequently used terms .... perhaps.
粒子物理学 particle physics |
||
序号 |
名称 |
英文名称 |
1 |
粒子物理学 |
particle physics |
2 |
原子核物理学 |
atomic nuclear physics |
3 |
介观物理学 |
mesoscopic physics |
4 |
宏观量子现象 |
Macroscopic quantum phenomena |
5 |
宏观系统 |
macroscopic system |
6 |
介观系统 |
mesoscopic system |
7 |
微观系统 |
microscopic system |
8 |
等离子态 |
plasma state |
9 |
等离子体 |
plasma |
10 |
基本粒子 |
elementary particle |
11 |
原子的有核结构 |
atom structure with nuclear |
12 |
卢瑟福散射 |
Rutherford scattering |
13 |
静止靶 |
Static target |
14 |
瞄准距离 |
aiming diatance |
15 |
b 衰变 |
beta decay |
16 |
a 粒子散射实验 |
alpha-particle scattering experiment |
17 |
约化质量 |
Reduced mass |
18 |
原子核 |
atomic nuclear |
19 |
强子 |
hadron |
20 |
介子 |
meson |
21 |
重子 |
baryon |
22 |
核子 |
nucleon |
23 |
超子 |
hyperon |
24 |
m 子 |
muon |
25 |
中微子 |
neutrino |
26 |
轻子 |
lepton |
27 |
有限核质量修正 |
correction for finite nuclear mass |
28 |
反问题 |
Inverse problem |
29 |
电荷分布半径 |
charge distribution radius |
30 |
夸克 |
quark |
31 |
反夸克 |
antiquark |
32 |
胶子 |
gluon |
33 |
规范玻色子 |
gauge boson |
34 |
夸克禁闭 |
quark confinement |
35 |
自由夸克 |
free quark |
36 |
味 |
flavour |
37 |
上夸克 |
up quark |
38 |
下夸克 |
down quark |
39 |
奇异夸克 |
strange quark |
40 |
粲夸克 |
charm quark |
41 |
底夸克 |
bottom quark |
42 |
顶夸克 |
top quark |
43 |
色荷 |
color charge |
44
|
质子 - 反质子对撞机 |
proton-antiprotoncollider |
45
|
对撞机 |
collider |
46
|
质子对撞机 |
proton collider |
47
|
夸克模型 |
quark model |
48
|
色相互作用 |
color interaction |
49
|
奇异数 |
strangeness number |
50
|
奇异粒子 |
strange particle |
51
|
共振粒子 |
resonant particle |
52
|
电磁相互作用 |
electromagnetic interaction |
53
|
强相互作用 |
strong interaction |
54
|
弱相互作用 |
weak interaction |
55
|
电弱 ( 相互 ) 作用 |
electro-weak interaction |
56
|
引力相互作用 |
gravitational interaction |
57
|
基本相互作用 |
fundamental interaction |
58
|
中微子假说 |
neutrino hypothesis |
59
|
放射性衰变 |
radioactive decay |
60
|
核衰变 |
nuclear decay |
61
|
引力场 |
gravitational field |
62
|
量子场论 |
quantum field theory |
63
|
反粒子 |
antiparticle |
64
|
粒子物理标准模型 |
standard model of particle physics |
65
|
中间玻色子 |
intermediate boson |
66
|
引力子 |
graviton |
67
|
电弱统一理论 |
electro-weak unified theory |
68
|
电弱相互作用 |
electro-weak interaction |
69
|
超弦理论 |
superstring theory |
70
|
大统一理论 |
theory of grand unification |
71
|
电弱统一理论 |
electro-weak unified theory |
72
|
量子电动力学 |
quantum electrodynamics (QED) |
73
|
量子色动力学 |
quantum chromodynamics (QCD) |
74
|
希格斯粒子 |
Higgs particle |
75
|
高能粒子的散射 |
scattering of high-energy particle |
76
|
同位素 |
isotope |
henning
September 06, 2008, 02:08 PMThanks Changye!
This is high-frequency vocab we haven't seen in any CPod lesson yet. What about a video "vocab tour"? With a fat arrow on the 希格斯玻色...
But maybe they just introduce it all in the space/scifi series they are preparing since quite a while now. I am really looking forward to the sound effects in this one
A word from John would be in order here
:)
sebire
September 06, 2008, 02:40 PMHaha, baryon is a heavy particle, that has made my very geeky day.
Where did you find that vocab list, Changye?
And who gets to decide on the translation? Is there some kind of language academy?
bazza
September 06, 2008, 07:42 PMI wonder if the baryon was discovered by someone call Barry hehe. If I discover one I could call it the Bazon. ;)
(According to wikipedia, baryon is derived from the Greek for heavy.
RJ
September 06, 2008, 08:28 PMImagine what they will learn from this thing. Now that would be a cool place to work. Thanks Changye for all the physics terms. Wish I could remember some of them.
RJ
September 06, 2008, 09:00 PMHenning, you are correct. The first attempt to circulate a beam of particles is scheduled for Sept 10.
sebire
September 06, 2008, 01:35 PMLet me guess?
型强子 = Hadron 对撞 = Collider/Collision?
I'm gonna stick with LHC!
希格斯玻色子 = Higgs Boson (xi1 ge2 si1 bo1se4zi)
Not a bad transliteration!
barryb
September 06, 2008, 10:53 PMHenning's right. Cpod could make some humorous movies about sub-atomic particles and call them the "Barry On" films.
(Sorry. UK reference.)
changye
September 06, 2008, 11:18 PMHi guys,
I’ve looked into the etymology of some particle names and found that their Chinese counterparts are really nice interpretations based on their original meanings. In Japanese, those terms are usually transliterated, so people often use them even without knowing their grue meanings!
Hadron (from greek word “hadros” = strong) 强子
Baryon (“barys” = heavy) 重子
Lepton (“leptos” = light) 轻子
Gluon is translated as “胶子 (jiao1 zi3)” in Chinese, and it's a very exact translation, but I don’t think that ordinary Chinese people easily find that this is a physics term. On the contrary, it’s highly possible that a lot of people think that it’s a stupid typo of 饺子 (jiao3 zi). This is not a joke.
bazza
September 10, 2008, 06:27 PMStartup happened to today and the Earth is still intact hehe. They haven't collided any protons yet though. ;)
sebire
September 10, 2008, 07:09 PMHow do you say "to start a particle accelerator"? 开大型强子对撞器?
bazza
September 10, 2008, 08:08 PMFor a generic particle accelerator probably: 开粒子加速器
We could do with a lesson on this stuff. :)
barryb
September 11, 2008, 11:17 AMBeer can save the universe! 谢谢啤酒!Well, that's what might have happened with the LHC's predecessor at CERN, LEP2.
This from New Scientist, 29th June 1996:
"When LEP2, as the upgraded machine is known, was switched on, beams of electrons and positrons were supposed to travel in opposite directions round the giant circuit, but neither beam made it. CERN's investigators soon homed in on the section of the ring causing the trouble. When they dismantled it, they found that the high-vacuum tube through which the beams travel had been blocked by two beer bottles."
(PS The Large Hadron Collider is still the Large Hadroff Collider. High energy collisions start next year.)
changye
September 11, 2008, 11:40 AMHi eyux,
Haha, that's just hilarious. I know the mass of a particle is extraordinarily small, but I still can't believe that "beams" generated by such a huge collider can't even destroy beer bottles! Perhaps the bottles were coated with ultra-super-alloy "X" or made of extra-high density materials such as the core of a white dwarf-neutron star!
sebire
September 06, 2008, 10:12 PMHmm, don't think I would want to work for CERN. Hated experimental physics, and was terrible at phenomenology. Plus particle physics is such a mess. I can't remember all the particles and their properties in English, let alone Chinese!
calkins
September 06, 2008, 01:16 PMCool photo. Nobody needs that big of a particle accelerator!
I had no clue what one of these does...had to wiki it.