Tones: Beyond Basics

pulosm
October 22, 2007, 01:14 AM posted in General Discussion

One of the things I often notice about non-native Mandarin speakers is that some speakers rigorously stick to the four (or five) tone paradigm and ignore what they are often hearing.  I say ignore what they are hearing, because besides just the sandhi changes, the tones change dramatically in speech based on the tones around it and other factors. 

The third tone is the most illusive.  Some leading Chinese linguists have argued that this tone is wrongly taught to foreign speakers.  Indeed, more than 70% of the time the tone never "rises up" like it is "supposed to."  Did you know that sometimes the third tone is actually pronounced as a high level tone?  No, I'm not crazy...it's true.

I have been fascinated by this topic ever since I started studying Mandarin.  When I realized that in compound words that have a 3rd tone/2nd tone composition the third tone doesn't rise at all, but just falls abruptly, and the 2nd tone rises from that low point, it was a revolution for my Mandarin.

 Anyway, this article is interesting.  It is actually about a study of Mandarin versus Taiwanese tone pronunciation, but it starts off by talking about these interesting issues.

 http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd1003.pdf

 I found it fascinating!

 I'd be interested in hearing any thoughts people have on this subject.

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Kyle
October 22, 2007, 01:35 AM

I can definitely agree that the third tone isn't anywhere near as exaggerated in natural speech as it is when taught to foreigners. It's spoken much quicker and sometimes incomparable to how a new non-native speaker would pronounce it. The tone pairs, as you mentioned, are imperative. John does a great job of covering those on sinosplice.

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John
October 23, 2007, 06:47 AM

maxiewawa, But it's not really flat at all (even if it doesn't rise very high in many cases). If you download PRAAT, a piece of software for linguistic acoustic analysis, you can actually see the tone contours of your own speech. It's pretty cool.

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christian
October 22, 2007, 07:13 AM

Good find, Pulosm! :)

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pulosm
October 22, 2007, 05:59 PM

I agree with John. I think that more than anything, the learner should just be open to the fact that the tones morph and change. All too often, I believe, there is a tendency to stick to rigid applications of what the tone "should be" and ignore what they are actually hearing. As for the third tone, though, I tend to think that it is definitely necessary to explain how it interacts with other tones. Your tone pair drill is necessary, I believe, mainly because the way the tones "interact" isn't readily apparent from the way they are described. At the very least, someone should tell beginners that in third-and-then-second-tone word combos, the third tone does not rise up at all. Hope you all find the article interesting.

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italiana
October 23, 2007, 12:38 AM

Good. I need some help with my tones...

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azerdocmom
October 23, 2007, 12:44 AM

Hi italiana Haven't seen you here for a long while. Have you been busy?

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John
October 22, 2007, 06:05 AM

pulosm, I've done quite a bit of research into the complexities of tones, and I agree that it's interesting. I'll have to check out this article. I have to say, though, that I don't think it's in the learners' best interest to teach this stuff too early. In fact, I'm not sure it's necessary to teach it at all. I think that as long as your pronunciation hasn't fossilized, you're going to pick up on all the little tones rules unconsciously in your natural language acquisition process. Oh, BTW, here's a link to the stuff Kyle mentioned above: Sinosplice Tone Pair Drills.

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John
October 23, 2007, 02:09 AM

Pulosm, All too often, I believe, there is a tendency to stick to rigid applications of what the tone "should be" and ignore what they are actually hearing. So true!

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mark
October 23, 2007, 03:55 AM

Two thoughts on this topic: 1) I asked a Chinese friend if he were aware of other tone rules, like third-third morphs to second-third, and he wasn't. 2) I wouldn't be able to say anything if I had to stop and think about what tone to use for each word I spoke and how it was affected by other tones next to it. So, I think it must need lots of practice speaking and listening, and then it just happens. (Not that I'm there, yet.).

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goulnik
October 23, 2007, 04:28 AM

I agree with mark's recommendation, just repeat without analyzing and let it happen, pick up the melody. Native speakers are the ones you want to mimic, but they're often not the best to reflect upon their language and explain the fundamentals. It's compiled knowledge buried deep within, I find that if they slow down their speech to emphasize pronunciation, it tends to distort it.

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maxiewawa
October 23, 2007, 05:56 AM

re: Goulnicky Hear! Hear! Ask a Chinese person to explain the tones and they'll do a terrible job. They'll recite something, and it'll sound unnatural. The third tone isn't falling-rising in most cases. Whenever I explain tones to friends who start learning Chinese I always tell them that the third tone is "low flat tone" and that the first is "high flat tone". Now that I think about it, "low flat tone" is a little confusing; the third isn't always "low flat"... but if, as the 1st post suggests, the 3rd tone doesn't rise up as it is supposed to, wouldn't "low flat tone" be a better name?

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italiana
October 23, 2007, 12:46 AM

College. Yes, I started early! Im 16. But been very busy