3 principle of nationalism, the first of Dr Sun Yat-sen's 孫中山|孙中山 Three Principles of the People 三民主義|三民主义 (at the time, meaning parity between China and the great powers)
4 racism
Idioms (3)
互别苗头
hù bié miáo tou
1 to compete with (idiom) (Tw)
2 to pit oneself against
名门望族
míng mén wàng zú
1 offspring a famous family (idiom); good breeding
2 blue blood
拔苗助长
bá miáo zhù zhǎng
1 to spoil things through excessive enthusiasm (idiom)